Prevailing Political Environment In India Politics Essay

Prevailing g everyplacenmental Environment In India Politics EssayThe term stemma Environment is serene of two news shows Business and Environment. In simple terms, the state in which a person remains busy is known as Business. The word Business in its economic sense means human activities like production, extraction or purchase or sales of goods that are performed forearningprofits.On the other hand, the word Environment refers to the aspects of surroundings. Therefore, Business Environment may be defined as a set of conditions Social, Legal, Economical, Political or Institutional that are uncontrollable in nature and affects the functioning of organization. Business Environment has two comp wizntsInternal EnvironmentExternal EnvironmentInternal EnvironmentIt includes 5 Ms i.e. man, material,money, machinery and management, usually within the control of melodic line. Business can make castrates in these factors according to the change in the functioning of enterprise.Externa l EnvironmentThose factors which are beyond the control of business enterprise are included in outer surround. These factors are Government and Legal factors, Geo-Physical Factors, Political Factors, Socio-Cultural Factors, Demo-Graphical factors etc. It is of two TypesMicro/ in operation(p) Environment big/General EnvironmentMicro/Operating EnvironmentThe milieu which is close to business and affects its capacity to work is known as Micro or Operating Environment. It consists of Suppliers, Customers,Market Intermediaries, Competitors and Public.Suppliers They are the persons who supply raw material and required components to the company. They mustiness be reliable and business must suck in multiple suppliers i.e. they should not enumerate upon only one supplier.Customers Customers are finded as the king of the market. Success of every(prenominal) business depends upon the aim of their customers satisfaction. Types of CustomersWholesalersRetailersIndustriesGovernment and Othe r InstitutionsForeigners(3)Market Intermediaries They work as a link between business and final consumers. Types-MiddlemenMarketing AgenciesFinancial IntermediariesPhysical Intermediaries(4) Competitors any move of the competitors affects the business. Business has to adjust itself according to the strategies of the Competitors.(5) Public Any multitude who has actual interest in business enterprise is termed as public e.g. media and local public. They may be the users or non-users of the product.Macro/General EnvironmentIt includes factors that puddle opportunities and threats to business units. Following are the elements of Macro EnvironmentEconomic Environment It is very complex and dynamic in nature that keeps on changing with the change in policies or semi governmental situations. It has three elementsEconomic Conditions of PublicEconomic Policies of the countryEconomic SystemOther Economic Factors Infrastructural Facilities,Banking,Insurance companies,moneymarkets, working capital markets etc.Non-Economic Environment Following are included in non-economic environment-Political Environment It affects different business units extensively. ComponentsPolitical Belief of GovernmentPolitical Strength of the CountryRelation with other countriesDefense and Military PoliciesThinking Opposition Parties towards Business Unit(ii) Socio-Cultural Environment Influence exercised by social and heathenish factors, not within the control of business, is known as Socio-Cultural Environment. These factors include attitude of people to work, family system, caste system, religion, education, marriage etc.(iii) Technological Environment A doctrinal application of scientific knowledge to practical task is known as technology. Everyday there has been vast changes in products, services, lifestyles and living conditions, these changes must be analysed by every business unit and should adapt these changes.(iv) Natural Environment It includesnatural resources, weather, climati c conditions, port facilities, topographical factors such(prenominal) as soil, sea, rivers, rainfall etc. Every business unit must look for these factors before choosing the location for their business.(v) Demographic Environment -It is a study of perspective of population i.e. its size, standard of living, growth rate, age-sex composition, family size, income level (upper level, middle level and lower level), education level etc. Every business unit must see these features of population and recognize their various bespeak and produce accordingly.(vi) Inter solid groundal Environment It is particularly important for industries directly depending on import or exports. The factors that affect the business are Globalization, Liberalization, foreign business policies, heathen exchange.Characteristics-1. Business environment is compound in nature.2. Business environment is constantly changing process.3. Business environment is different for different business units.4. It has both cohe rent term and short term impact.5. Unlimited influence ofexternal environmentfactors.6. It is very uncertain.7. Inter-related components.8. It includes both internal andexternal environment.Political Environment of Business.Political environment can affect a business either positively or negativelydepending on the prevailing situation in a country. It mainly forms the external factors which are part of the macro-environment and whose control is beyond the ability of human beings.These factors touch on the way political science are conducted in a country, which directly reflects on what is happening within the government. This means that a democratic country will accord freedom to its people to vote in a government that has their interests at heart.On the other hand, a dictatorial government will notearnthe respect of its citizens leading to economic as well as political instability and uncertainty. Even though such a government will go, businesses suffer a lot since they are not s ure of their future underlining the splendour of ademocratic governmentto a country and business.It is needless to say, that once a country is stable, muchinvestmentopportunities will be realized and so attracting more and moreinvestors. This will reflect positively and directly to the local businesses, as even the citizens will have full confidence with them.In the politics of the day,business successdepends on politics by a great percentage and in many ways. Politicians are usually the people controlling the trading operations of a government and will watch which countries totradewith as well as thetrading conditions.The Form of Government in the prevailing political environment in IndiaIndia is a federal state with a parliamentary form of government. It is governed under the 1949 constitution (effective since Jan., 1950). The president of India, who is head of state, is select for a five-year term by the elected members of the federal and state parliaments there are no term limits. Theoretically the president possesses full executive power, but that power actually is exercised by the prime minister (head of the majority party in the federal parliament) and council of ministers (which includes the cabinet), who are appointed by the president. The ministers are responsible to the lower house of Parliament and must be members of Parliament.The federal parliament is bicameral. The upper house, the Council of States (Rajya Sabha), consists of a maximum of 250 members the great majority are apportioned by state-each states delegates are elect by its elected assembly-and 12 members are appointed by the president. In summing up, one member represents the union territory of Pondicherry. Members serve for six years, with one trey retiring every other year. The lower house, the Peoples Assembly (Lok Sabha), is elected every five years, although it may be dissolved earlier by the president. It is composed of 545 members, 543 apportioned among the states and two chosen by the president. There is a supreme court consisting of a chief justice and 25 associate justices, all appointed by the president.Administratively, India is divided into 28 states and seven union territories. State governors are appointed by the president for five-year terms. States have either unicameral or bicameral parliaments and have jurisdiction over police and public order, agriculture, education, public health, and local government. The federal government has jurisdiction over any matter not specifically reserved for the states. In addition the president may intervene in state affairs during emergencies and may even suspend a states government. In India, we have a democratic government where people are free to vote for the party they like the most and want it to be in power to run the country for next 5 years. People exercise their remunerate to vote and select a party from two main fronts, the national defense chemical bond (NDA) and the union progressive allianc e (UPA). These two parties comprise the republic of India.The ideology of the ruling parties.Manypolitical partiesbase their political action and program on an ideology. Insocial studies, a PoliticalIdeologyis a certain ethical set ofideals, principles,doctrines,myths, or symbolsof asocial movement,institution,class, or large group that explains how society should work, and offers some political and cultural blueprint for a certain social order. A political ideology largely concerns itself with how to allocatepowerand to what ends it should be used. Some parties follow a certain ideology very closely, while others may take broad inspiration from a group of related ideologies without specifically embracing any one of them.Economic StabilityEqual distribution of incomeIncrease in the rates of GDP and per capita incomeCorruption free IndiaIncrease in the rates of global tradesBy encouraging foreign investors to invest in India-to increase FDI( Foreign Direct investment)Strength of oppo sitionIndia is a democratic country where people have the right to choose their own political party. There are many contenders during elections and the contenders who wins the elections form the ruling government. The ruling government can comprise of single party or a group of parties.The ruling party forms the government while the other parties form the opposition. Opposition also may consist of a single or a group of parties. The parties in the opposition may unite and fight against the ruling party or can fight individually. In the present scenario we have two parties who are fighting against the UPA, the ruling party. Initially, spare headed by Anna Hazare the anti corruption campaign supported by Arvind Kejriwal and Kiran Bedi started at Maharashtra.He introduced Janlokpal Bill.Role and responsibility of bureaucratismFundamental Understanding1 As persons having the power to legislate and who represent the people, politicians willcarry out their responsibility for oversight, to ensure that public administration isconducted impartially and neutrally. In addition, under the parliamentary system theywill join the government as ministers, senior vice ministers, parliamentary secretaries,etc. (hereinafter, minister/ ministers etc.) and responsibly formulate, coordinate anddecide upon policies for public administration while also engaging in the guidance andsupervision of the bureaucrats.Bureaucrats, as servants of the entire nation, will respect the principle of politicaldisinterest and primarily implement policies and undertake the execution of individualpublic administrative duties in keeping with their areas of expertise, based on laws andordinances.2 Politicians will take responsibility for formulating, coordinating, and decision making uponpolicies. In keeping with the needs of the public grasped during the course of theirduties, bureaucrats will assist politicians in formulating, coordinating, and deciding uponpolicies, such as through providing basic d ata and training for those policies,presenting multiple options, and so on.3 Politicians and bureaucrats will have a relationship characterised by separate duties.They will act as one in executing their duties for the nation and the people, each on thebasis of these separate duties.4 Politicians and bureaucrats must each respect these separate roles for which they are responsible and always endeavor to create a relationship based on trust.Guidelines for ResponsesThe following measures will be taken from the viewpoint of thoroughly instillingleadership by the Cabinet into decision-making on government policies. With regard to therelationship between politicians and bureaucrats, senior vice ministers and parliamentarysecretaries etc. will, based on instructions by the minister, carry out the roles stipulated in theRules Governing Ministers, major(postnominal) Vice Ministers and Parliamentary Secretaries in anappropriate and timely manner.Politico-legal institutionsPolitical system i s a set of formal legal institutions that constitute a government or a state. This is the definition adopted by many studies of the legal or constitutional arrangements of advanced political orders. More broadly defined, however, the term comprehends actual as well as prescribed forms of political behavior, not only the legal organization of the state but also the reality of how the state functions. Still more broadly defined, the political system is seen as a set of processes of interaction or as a subsystem of the social system interacting with other nonpolitical subsystems, such as the economic system. This points to the importance of informal sociopolitical processes and emphasizes the study of political development.Traditional legal or constitutional analysis, using the first definition, has produced a huge clay of literature on governmental structures, many of the specialized terms that are a part of the traditional vocabulary of political science, and several instructive cla ssifying schemes. Similarly, semiempirical analysis of political processes and the effort to identify the underlying realities of governmental forms have yielded a rich store of data and an important body of comparative theory. The third definition has inspired much scholarly work that employs new kinds of data, new terms, and some new concepts and categories of analysis.